Pastoralism is indeed the fundamental scale in the commencement of human prosperity and in the formation of a settled way of life. It is also the genesis of domestication of essential fauna and flora for family sustenance.  This sincere mode has led the continuum of the traditional pastoral walk of life has left uncountable historical chronicles that lingered its legacy for generations ofthe human cultures.

It is true that, as a premier flash of history, pastoralism has been the founding platform for settled human life. However, because of its transhumance nature, i.e., based on mobility of humans and their livestock in search of feed the system has beenunable to take up the leading role. Thus far, the contribution of this sector is indeed the flagship of economic and social development façades.

Even in this globalized situation of to date, its prominence is being signaled with a positive backdrop. In the contemporary perspective, its legacy is being threatened for its‘inefficiency’ as compared to a sedentary agriculture in its broadest sense.

For millennia, in our country, the pastoralist communities are holding a noticeable position in economic, social, political, and security fronts. However, this down to earth presence of pastoralists has not been endorsed and considered by earlier governments to possess positions in our historical up and downs. This lack of opportunities has put the communities stigmatized, which has obviously led to a withdrawal in the development activities of the country and halted the progress of pastoralist communities at large.This has been the greatest and the least expected encounterto our accelerative determination for growth and development.

From this exceptional historical moment, the present Government of Ethiopia has been instrumental in lifting up the lives and livelihoods of our compatriot pastoralists and delivering the promise of constitutional rights of the communities at collective and individual levels. This is a complete upturn in our history.

As pastoralists occupy a larger proportion of landmass in surface and underground water rich locations, with more or less constant temperature regimes and fertile soils, it is possible to gear research agenda to consider heat tolerant crop varieties for the benefit of settling pastoralists and bravely support the Government strategy and accelerate the renaissance of Ethiopia.

By this visionary move, the agricultural research system is struggling with the sense of time is not standing still to fulfill the intended leapfrogging to achieve the promise of the government to pastoral areas of the country. Actually, this move focuses on a twin-angled transformation of the pastoral communities; on one hand able to lead a sedentary life, on the other, capable to use improved and quality agricultural technologies.

One of the incising indicators of this is letting the pastoral communities to be able to access/grip the benefit of improved agricultural technologies developed by research institutions such as Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR). This also has a catalytic role to better allow pastoralists to have a sedentary life as a farming community. With due respect to the needs of pastoralists, EIAR has developed and still is developing more quality agricultural technologies mainly crops varieties—for food, feed, and fiber purposes—that complement the pastoral agro-ecology or occupancy. Therefore, one can meticulously say that, at both theoretical and practical fronts, this is the starting time in our growth and development arena.